Hidden deep in downtown Hattiesburg, past the Train Depot and the Lucky Rabbit, stands a building from the 1940s. At first glance, it may resemble a house, but it transforms upon entry. A large dog tag-shaped sign in front reveals its true identity — the African American Military History Museum.
Housed in the historic 6th Street USO Club, the museum’s building was constructed in 1942 to serve African American cadets training at Camp Shelby during World War II. At the time, clubs closer to the base were segregated, so a hangout spot for African American soldiers was built 11 miles away. Soldiers-in-training were bussed from Camp Shelby for parties and events, as they were not permitted to attend white functions. The club remained in use until 1946, shortly after the war ended. After WWII, the building became a community center for African Americans in Hattiesburg.
The building fell into disrepair over the years, but in the late 1990s, local citizens banded together to restore it. The group convinced the City of Hattiesburg to convert the site into a museum to showcase African American military history. Locals donated uniforms, flags from fallen soldiers, and even weapons. By 2008, the African American Military History Museum was born.
Outside the museum, a vintage tank stands on display, a symbol of the vehicles that have protected soldiers and nations for over a century. The grounds also feature a memorial garden honoring soldiers who gave their lives in service. The museum’s sign, shaped like a giant set of dog tags, welcomes visitors into a beautifully renovated lobby, where staff greet guests and offer a brief history of the site.
The museum’s first exhibit explores African American contributions to the Revolutionary War, highlighting figures like Crispus Attucks, who died in the 1770 Boston Massacre. Exhibits dedicated to the War of 1812 and the Civil War follow, showcasing the growing presence of African Americans in the military. African American soldiers fought in the Spanish-American War alongside Teddy Roosevelt’s Rough Riders as Buffalo Soldiers. By World War I, African Americans were playing a steadily increasing role in the U.S. military.
Exhibits highlight their involvement in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam, showing the gradual integration of African American units with white ones. One exhibit is dedicated to African American truck drivers who transported supplies to the front lines, featuring a model truck from the era.
The museum then shifts to more recent conflicts, with exhibits on Operation Desert Storm and the Global War on Terrorism. It concludes with the Hattiesburg Hall of Honor, highlighting the sacrifices and achievements of African American Mississippians, including civil rights leader Clyde Kennard.
The African American Military History Museum is an unexpected treasure in South Mississippi, offering a rich and educational experience. The museum, located at 305 E. 6th St., Hattiesburg, MS 39401, is open to the public, and more information can be found at www.hattiesburguso.com.
